From the body-mind holism to psychosomatic medicine: theory and practice of acupuncture and moxibustion / 中国针灸

The traditional life concept of "body-mind holism" in Chinese medicine has drawn a special attention with the development of modern psychosomatic medicine. The "body-mind holism" is valuable in the guidance for clinical acupuncture practice, but, it is only remained on the theoretical significance by the medical masters in the past dynasties. In the paper, based on the understanding of Huangdi Neijing (Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic), the similarities and differences are compared between the body-mind theory and psychosomatic medicine. In association with clinical observation, from three aspects, i.e. body-mind pathogenesis, acupoint detection and observing the mind, and body-mind treatment, the guidance of "body-mind holism" is explored for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion; the referents of "body" and "mind" are clarified in views of disease, diagnosis and treatment; and the treatment strategies of acupuncture and moxibustion are discussed in the perspective of "body-mind holism".

Vocal Pedagogy and the Alexander Technique: a reflection / La pedagogía vocal y la Técnica Alexander: una reflexión

This article is a reflection about the role of the Alexander Technique and its appli-cation and influence in vocal pedagogy. It is based on more than seventeen years of active teaching as a qualified Alexander Technique Teacher and as a professional singer, working alongside vocal pedagogues, teachers, students and professionals. Its objective is to reflect upon the role of body awareness, psychophysical and emotional consciousness, and wellbeing in the realms of vocal pedagogy and singing.

El presente artículo corresponde a una reflexión sobre la Técnica Alexander, su aplicación e influencia dentro del ámbito de la pedagogía vocal. Está basado en los últimos diecisiete años de carrera activa como profesora de Técnica Alexander y cantante profesional, trabajando con cantantes y profesores de canto con el objetivo de lograr una buena reflexión de la importancia del proceso de consciencia corporal, conexión sicofísica y bienestar en la pedagogía vocal

The presentation of the mind-brain problem in leading psychiatry journals

Objective: The mind-brain problem (MBP) has marked implications for psychiatry, but has been poorly discussed in the psychiatric literature. This paper evaluates the presentation of the MBP in the three leading general psychiatry journals during the last 20 years. Methods: Systematic review of articles on the MBP published in the three general psychiatry journals with the highest impact factor from 1995 to 2015. The content of these articles was analyzed and discussed in the light of contemporary debates on the MBP. Results: Twenty-three papers, usually written by prestigious authors, explicitly discussed the MBP and received many citations (mean = 130). The two main categories were critiques of dualism and defenses of physicalism (mind as a brain product). These papers revealed several misrepresentations of theoretical positions and lacked relevant contemporary literature. Without further discussion or evidence, they presented the MBP as solved, dualism as an old-fashioned or superstitious idea, and physicalism as the only rational and empirically confirmed option. Conclusion: The MBP has not been properly presented and discussed in the three leading psychiatric journals in the last 20 years. The few articles on the topic have been highly cited, but reveal misrepresentations and lack of careful philosophical discussion, as well as a strong bias against dualism and toward a materialist/physicalist approach to psychiatry.

Effects of integrative body-mind training with cognitive rehabilitation based on the sensory integration training theory on executive function and anxiety and depression mood in patients with traumatic brain injury / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To study the effects of integrative body-mind training with cognitive rehabilitation based on the sensory integration training theory on executive function and anxiety and depression mood in patients with traumatic brain injury.Methods 85 cases were randomly divided into the control group (42 cases) and the treatment group (43 cases).The control group took targeted cognitive rehabilitation with sensory integration training theory and the treatment group was given targeted integrative bodymind training based on this training.Before training and after 3 months,the cognitive function and executive function were detected by the Behavioral Assessment of Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS); the cognitive dysfunction were evaluated by Loewenstein Occupation Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA); Anxiety and Depression were evaluated by Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS).Results There was no marked differences in BADS,LOTCA,SDS and SAS scores before treatment; Compared with the control group,they were much improved after training; Moreover,they were much more improved in the treatment group than those of the control group.Conclusions Integrative bodymind training with cognitive rehabilitation based on the sensory integration training theory can improve the executive function and regulate the mood on cognitive dysfunction in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Considerações a partir de uma análise de um pianista de oitenta anos / Considerations based on the analysis of an 80 year-old pianist / Consideraciones sobre el análisis de un pianista de 80 años

O autor apresenta uma vinheta clínica sobre a análise de um pianista de oitenta anos de idade e sua tentativa de fugir da vida para evitar o encontro com a morte. Apoiado pelas hipóteses de Ferrari, questiona o alcance da psicanálise em relação a pacientes em idade avançada e pacientes terminais. Propõe que o analista precisa ter uma atitude de respeito diante do inconsciente, mas também de humildade diante da natureza e do tempo. Assim, ainda que em situações extremas, quando espaço e tempo se condensam, a psicanálise poderia ser útil no sentido de ajudar esses pacientes a sonharem o que ainda não foi sonhado, e a viverem o que ainda não foi vivido.

The author presents a clinical vignette about the analysis of an eighty year-old pianist and his attempt to escape from life to avoid the encounter with death. Supported by the hypotheses of Ferrari, he questions psychoanalysis' role in relation to old age patients and terminal patients. He proposes that the analyst must be respectful towards the unconscious, but also show humility before nature and time. Thus, even in extreme situations, when space and time are condensed, psychoanalysis could be useful in helping these patients dream what has not yet been dreamed and to live what has not yet been lived.

El autor presenta un caso clínico sobre el análisis de un pianista de ochenta años de edad y su intento de escapar de la vida para evitar el encuentro con la muerte. Apoyado en las hipótesis de Ferrari, cuestiona lo que puede hacer el psicoanálisis en relación con los pacientes de edad avanzada y pacientes en fase terminal. Propone que el analista debe tener una actitud de respeto ante el inconsciente, pero también de humildad ante la naturaleza y el tiempo. De esta forma, incluso en situaciones extremas, cuando el espacio y el tiempo se condensan, el psicoanálisis podría ser útil para ayudar a estos pacientes a soñar lo que aún no fue soñado y a vivir lo que aún no fue vivido.

Dor e sofrimento psíquico: uma reflexão sobre as relações e repercussões corpo e mente / Pain and psychic suffering: a reflection on relations and repercussions between body and mind / Dolor y sufrimiento psíquico: una reflexión sobre las relaciones y repercusiones entre cuerpo y mente

Este artigo apresenta um breve relato do atendimento psicanalítico de pessoas com fibromialgia, realizado desde 2004, em um centro clínico de pesquisa em psicoterapia vinculado a uma instituição de ensino. A crescente presença de pacientes com pouco acesso ao simbólico em nossa clínica cotidiana tem estimulado a constante busca por ampliar o trabalho em terreno árido, bem como desenvolver recursos para o manejo dessas situações. Procuramos discutir as relações e repercussões entre dor física e dor psíquica nas diversas contribuições psicanalíticas, com a complexidade envolvida relacionada à continuidade versus descontinuidade psiquismo-soma.

This paper presents a brief report on the psychoanalytical treatment, since 2004, of people with fibromyalgia in a psychotherapy research clinical setting associated with a public university healthcare service. The increase of patients with little access to symbolic functioning has stimulated us to find ways to amplify work in arid terrain, as well as the development of resources for the handling of these situations. In this paper, we discuss the relations and repercussions between physical and psychic pain in several psychoanalytical theories. For this, we will take into account the complexity involved in continuity versus psyche-soma discontinuity.

Este artículo presenta un breve relato de la atención psicoanalítica de personas con fibromialgia, realizado desde el 2004, en un centro clínico de investigación en psicoterapia vinculado a una institución de enseñanza. El aumento de pacientes que tienen poco acceso a lo simbólico en nuestra clínica cotidiana, ha estimulado la constante búsqueda por ampliar el trabajo en un terreno árido, así como recursos para manejar esas situaciones. En este trabajo, tratamos de discutir las relaciones y repercusiones entre dolor físico y dolor psíquico en las diversas contribuciones psicoanalíticas, con la complejidad involucrada relacionada con la continuidad versus discontinuidad psique-soma

Programa de reducción de estrés basado en mindfulness para funcionarios de la salud: experiencia piloto en un hospital público de Santiago de Chile / Mindfulness-based stress reduction for health care professionals: results from a pilot study in a public hospital in Santiago-Chile

Introducción: El programa de Reducción de Estrés basado en Mindfulness (MBSR) ha demostrado ser eficaz en el manejo de diversas condiciones médicas y psicológicas. El presente estudio evalúa la aplicabilidad y eficacia de MBSR en una población de funcionarías de la salud pública, usuarias de un centro médico-psicológico. Método: 12 funcionarias, heterogéneas en variables socio-demográficas y clínicas, participan en taller consistente en 9 sesiones (27 horas) de carácter educativo-experiencial. Se mide OQ-45 (cambio en psicoterapia), WHOQOL (calidad de vida) y FFMQ (habilidades en Mindfulness) antes y después de la intervención. Resultados: Se observa mejoría significativa en sintomatología ansiosa, depresiva y somática, en diversos aspectos de la calidad de vida, y en destrezas Mindfulness. Discusión: Intervención derivada de la medicina integrativa y participativa, aplicada por primera vez en una población clínica de trabajadoras de la salud de un hospital de Santiago. Informa beneficios en salud y bienestar. Despierta interés en nuevas formas de promoción de la salud y en el abordaje clínico de esta población.

Introduction: Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction program (MBSR) has shown to be effective for alleviating a wide range of mental and physical symptoms. The present study assesses the applicability and effect of MBSR in a group of health care providers, consumers of medical and psychological care. Method: 12 participants with heterogeneous diagnoses and socio-demographic characteristics entered this educational and experiential program: 9 sessions (27 hours) modality. We assessed change in psychotherapy (OQ-45), quality of life (WHOQOL) and in mindfulness skills (FFMQ). Results: MBSR reduced self-reported symptoms of anxiety, depression, and somatic distress; it increased various aspects of quality of life and mindfulness skills. Discussion: The findings provide evidence that MBSR may act as a beneficial adjunct to outpatient medical and psychological management of health care providers.

The Effect of Exercise with Deep Breathing on the Pulse, Blood Pressure and Peripheral Circulation / 日本東洋医学雑誌

The effects of Qi Gong health maintenance exercises were compared with a control group of walkers considered to have an equivalent amount of exercise, by measuring the changes in the pulse, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and peripheral circulation.<br>Although no significant differences were seen in either the pulse or blood pressure of the control group of walkers when the before and after exercise values were compared, in the Qi Gong group, a decrease in these values was seen over time, with significant decreases from the pre-exercise values indicated in all values 30 minutes after exercise. This is consistent with the findings in a previous report that there was a significant reduction in catecholamine in the Qi Gong group 30 minutes after performing Qi Gong exercises.<br>When the flow rate of the peripheral circulation was measured using Doppler ultrasound equipment, in comparison with the lack of notable change over time seen in the control group, a significant improvement in the peripheral circulation was suggested for the Qi Gong group when the pre- and post- exercise values were compared. It has also been suggested that Qi Gong health maintenance exercises lower stress hormones and act to improve the peripheral blood circulation; a discussion of which is also included in this paper.

The Effect of Exercise with Deep Breathing(Qi-Gong) on Stress-Related Hormones in the Blood / 日本東洋医学雑誌

The levels of stress-related hormones in the blood were measured before and after doing Qi Gong health-maintenance exercises, and a control group of walkers with a similar level of movement selected for the basis of a comparative study. The adrenaline, noradrenaline and growth hormone responses of the Qi Gong group were compared with the pre-exercise values. Although no significant difference was observed immediately after exercise, there was a significant drop in all values 30 minutes after exercising. Similar changes in the blood cortisol were noted in the Qi Gong group and walker group. Compared with the pre-exercise value, both group exhibited significant reduction in blood cortisol both immediately following exercise and 30 minutes after exercise, with the lowest value occurring 30 minutes after exercise. In contrast to the increase in stress-related hormones typical after light exercise that was seen in the walker group, the significant reduction response seen in the stress-related hormones of the Qi Gong group with the similar amount of movement was seen as unusual. This suggested that Qi Gong may be a positive means of stress-reduction and a useful health-maintenance method in today's stressful society.